Kidney stones form due to dehydration, high salt or protein intake, certain foods, infections, medications, obesity, and genetic factors.
Dehydration reduces urine volume, causing minerals and salts to concentrate and form crystals that develop into kidney stones.
Dehydration
High salt intake raises calcium levels in urine, promoting kidney stone formation. Limiting salt in daily meals supports better kidney function and reduces the risk of developing painful urinary stones.
High salt intake
Certain medications, like diuretics, calcium-based antacids, and some antibiotics, can increase the risk of kidney stones by altering urine composition.
Certain Medications
Consuming high-oxalate foods like spinach, beets, nuts, and chocolate increases kidney stone formation risk.
High Oxalate Foods
Chronic urinary tract infections can cause kidney stones by changing urine composition and promoting crystal formation.
Chronic Urinary Tract Infections
Hyperparathyroidism raises blood and urine calcium, causing kidney calcium crystals that may form painful stones.
Hyperparathyroidism
Eating too much animal protein like red meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs raises uric acid and lowers urinary citrate, promoting kidney stone formation.